Cadmium contamination in food crops: Risk assessment and control in smart age

With mankind entering the smart age, Cd contamination risk control in food crop revolution has been put on agenda. Based theoretical basis, technical methods and developing trends, this review look back forward age of driven by ‘genotype (G)+ envirotype (E)’ dual-engines. Focusing G, an inter-specific assessment meta-analysis was carried, which a higher rice wheat than maize observed. So different strategies are recommended to be taken considering difference. To crops with high accumulating characteristic, creation low-Cd can applied two methods: 1) Excavating pyramiding natural variations population 2) designing implementing artificial do not exist population. E, influence environmental factors accumulation discussed strategy using Envirotype-to-phenotype (E2P) models predict implement safety threshold were offered. In foreseeable future, support science, biology, big data, intelligence other interdisciplinary multi-technology, will move toward intelligent, efficient directional, ultimately realizing revolutionary transformation from ‘experience’ ‘smart’.